Explained: Why Cotton is India's "White Gold"

Cotton is called India's 'white gold' due to its economic importance, supporting 6 million farmers and 40-50 million people in processing and trade.

India leads globally in cotton cultivation area, ranks second in production and consumption, and is the only country cultivating all four recognized cotton species.

Bt cotton, introduced commercially in 2002, is genetically modified for bollworm resistance, reducing insecticide use and improving farm incomes.

India produces the full range of cotton staple lengths, from short (20 mm and below) to extra-long (32.5 mm and above), determining fibre quality and use.

The Press Information Bureau released a backgrounder 'White Gold: India's Cotton Story' detailing government schemes to boost productivity, quality, and market access.