How ancient Indian knowledge can shape STEM education under NEP 2020

Ancient Indian contributions include urban planning and metallurgy from the Indus Valley Civilization (3300–1300 BCE).

Aryabhata’s Aryabhatiya (499 CE) provided formulas for trigonometry, the heliocentric theory, and Earth’s circumference (39,968 km).

Sushruta Samhita is the first medical text on surgery, plastic surgery, and cataract surgery.

The Surya Siddhanta accurately calculates eclipses and planetary movements.

NEP 2020 aims to integrate ancient Indian scientific traditions with STEM education to foster innovation and sustainable development.