Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication System: Draft Notification for V2V in India
UPSC / SSC current affairs note
Why in news
The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways has issued a draft notification proposing amendments to the Central Motor Vehicle Rules, 1989, for the phased implementation of Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication systems in motor vehicles. This move aims to enhance road safety by enabling real-time information exchange between vehicles, potentially reducing accidents.
Background
The Ministry had constituted a task force for the development and implementation of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) in India, with special emphasis on V2V communication. The task force recommended the use of the 5.9 GHz ITS/V2X frequency range to improve road safety.
Key facts
The draft notification proposes amendments to the Central Motor Vehicle Rules, 1989, for phased implementation of V2V communication systems.
The frequency band of 5.875 GHz to 5.925 GHz is under consideration for V2V and other intelligent transport system applications.
The Department of Telecommunications has exempted this frequency band from licensing requirements via GSR 466(E) dated 10 June 2026.
V2V communication allows nearby vehicles to exchange real-time information including speed, position, direction, and acceleration.
This information can provide advance warnings for safety-critical situations such as sudden braking, forward collision risk, unsafe lane changes, and approaching emergency vehicles.
Unlike traditional safety systems, V2V can provide information beyond the direct line of sight, complementing Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS).
The draft proposes that vehicles of categories L, M, and N manufactured on or after 1 October 2027 must comply with AIS-230 if they have V2V systems installed.
From 1 October 2028, it will be mandatory for all new vehicles in categories L, M, and N to have V2V systems conforming to AIS-230.
AIS-230 specifies minimum technical, functional, performance, environmental, and safety requirements for V2V systems, including radio performance, GNSS, cybersecurity, and safety use cases.
Safety use cases include emergency brake warning, forward collision warning, wrong-way driving, and emergency vehicle warning.
Prelims pointers
- Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH)
- Central Motor Vehicle Rules, 1989
- AIS-230 standard
- 5.875 GHz to 5.925 GHz frequency band
- Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) technology
- Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS)
- Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS)
- Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)
- Department of Telecommunications (DoT)
- GSR 466(E) dated 10 June 2026
Mains angles
- Discuss the potential of V2V communication in improving road safety and reducing accidents in India.
- Examine the challenges in implementing V2V technology, including infrastructure, cybersecurity, and regulatory issues.
- Analyze the role of intelligent transport systems in achieving sustainable mobility and environmental goals.