Ethanol Blended Petrol: Myths vs Facts
UPSC / SSC current affairs note · IR
Why in news
The government is promoting ethanol blending to reduce oil imports and emissions. Misconceptions about engine damage and fuel efficiency need clarification.
Background
India aims for 20% ethanol blending in petrol by 2025 (E20). Ethanol is derived from sugarcane and grains.
Key facts
Ethanol blending reduces carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions.
E10 (10% ethanol) is currently used; E20 vehicles are being introduced.
Ethanol has higher octane rating, improving engine performance.
Modern engines are compatible with E20 with minor modifications.
Ethanol blending reduces dependence on crude oil imports.
Ethanol production supports farmers and rural economy.
E20 can reduce CO2 emissions by up to 30% compared to pure petrol.
Ethanol is biodegradable and less toxic than petrol.
Prelims pointers
- E20: 20% ethanol, 80% petrol blend.
- National Policy on Biofuels 2018.
- Ethanol Blending Programme (EBP).
- Target: 20% blending by 2025.
- Ethanol sources: sugarcane, maize, damaged food grains.
- Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) specifications for E20.
- Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas implements EBP.
- Ethanol production under Ethanol Blended Petrol (EBP) programme.
Mains angles
- Discuss the environmental and economic benefits of ethanol blending.
- Critically examine challenges in achieving 20% ethanol blending target.
- Evaluate impact on food security and land use.
- Analyze role of ethanol blending in India's energy security.