Samudra Manthan: India's Offshore Oil & Gas Exploration Scheme
UPSC / SSC current affairs note · Economy
Why in news
The Union Cabinet approved the Rs 84,084 crore Samudra Manthan – National Offshore Exploration Scheme, aimed at unlocking India's offshore oil and gas potential. This comes after PM Modi announced the National Deep Water Exploration Mission in August 2025, and in the backdrop of the Middle East conflict highlighting India's energy import vulnerability.
Background
India depends on imports for nearly 90% of its oil needs, making energy security a strategic priority. The scheme is part of a broader push to increase domestic production and reduce import dependence.
Key facts
The Samudra Manthan – National Offshore Exploration Scheme was approved by the Union Cabinet with an outlay of Rs 84,084 crore.
The scheme aims to add over 600 Million Metric Tons of Oil Equivalent (MMTOE) to India's reserves.
Implementation will be through FY 2030-31.
Key components include large-scale seismic surveys, accelerated deepwater and ultra-deepwater exploratory drilling, and scientific drilling in frontier basins.
The scheme also includes development of common offshore production and evacuation infrastructure.
It will create an integrated Oil & Gas Manufacturing and Services Zone.
Other aspects include digital programme management, capacity building, technology adoption, stakeholder engagement, and international outreach.
PM Modi announced the National Deep Water Exploration Mission on August 15, 2025, from the Red Fort.
The Middle East conflict caused an unprecedented oil shock, underscoring India's vulnerability due to high import dependence.
Prelims pointers
- Samudra Manthan – National Offshore Exploration Scheme
- Rs 84,084 crore outlay
- 600 MMTOE reserves addition target
- FY 2030-31 implementation timeline
- National Deep Water Exploration Mission
- Announced by PM Modi on August 15, 2025
Mains angles
- Discuss the significance of the Samudra Manthan scheme in enhancing India's energy security.
- Critically examine the challenges in offshore oil and gas exploration in India.
- Analyze the role of government schemes in reducing India's oil import dependence.