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e-Shram Portal: Social Security for Unorganised Workers

UPSC / SSC current affairs note · Economy

Social JusticeEconomySchemes

Why in news

The e-Shram portal has registered over 31.78 crore unorganised workers as of July 14, 2026. The Ministry of Labour and Employment launched microsites for states/UTs on January 29, 2025, and introduced e-Shram as a 'One-Stop Solution' on October 21, 2024, integrating 15 social security schemes.

Background

The e-Shram portal was launched on August 26, 2021, to create a comprehensive National Database of Unorganised Workers (NDUW), including gig and platform workers. It provides a Universal Account Number (UAN) based on self-declaration.

Key facts

in5points

  1. e-Shram portal launched on August 26, 2021, for unorganised workers including gig and platform workers.

  2. As of July 14, 2026, over 31.78 crore workers are registered.

  3. Workers receive a Universal Account Number (UAN) via self-declaration.

  4. State/UT microsites launched on January 29, 2025, to tailor services locally.

  5. e-Shram became a 'One-Stop Solution' on October 21, 2024, integrating 15 social security/welfare schemes.

  6. Integrated schemes include PMSVANidhi, PMSBY, PMJJBY, PMAY-G, PMAY-U, AB-PMJAY, PM-KISAN, ONORC, PMMVY, etc.

  7. e-Shram is linked to National Career Service (NCS), Skill India Digital Hub (SIDH), PM-SYM pension, and MoHUA Convergence Portal.

  8. Top registering states: Uttar Pradesh (8.45 crore), Bihar (3.24 crore), West Bengal (2.67 crore).

Prelims pointers

  • e-Shram portal: eshram.gov.in
  • Launch date: August 26, 2021
  • Universal Account Number (UAN)
  • National Database of Unorganised Workers (NDUW)
  • One-Stop Solution launched: October 21, 2024
  • State microsites launched: January 29, 2025
  • Integrated schemes: PMSVANidhi, PMSBY, PMJJBY, PMAY-G, PMAY-U, AB-PMJAY, PM-KISAN, ONORC, PMMVY, etc.
  • Linked portals: NCS, SIDH, PM-SYM, MoHUA Convergence Portal

Mains angles

  • Discuss the significance of e-Shram in providing social security to unorganised workers in India.
  • Critically examine the challenges in integrating multiple welfare schemes under a single platform like e-Shram.
  • Evaluate the role of technology (e-governance) in labour reforms and social protection.